Working principle of automobile generator (classification of action structure)

Working principle of automobile generator

What is the automobile generator, what are its functions, the working principle (how the generator generates electricity), classification and structure

What is a car generator

Generator, a device that converts other forms of energy into electrical energy, that is, an instrument that provides a source of energy to other equipment by generating electricity,

The automobile generator, that is, the special generator for automobile, is an important part of automobile electrical appliances. It is mainly composed of rotor, stator, rectifier and end cover.

Main functions of automobile generator

The main function of the automobile generator is divided into two parts: charging the battery and supplying the needs of each power consumption part. An instrument that provides energy for the normal operation of a car.

Principle and classification of automobile alternator

Automobile generator can be divided into AC generator and DC generator according to its current property

Due to the wide application of alternator, it has evolved into many types

a. According to the different grounding forms of field winding, the alternator can be divided into:

1. One end (negative pole) of the field winding of the externally grounded alternator is connected to the regulator and grounded after passing through the regulator

2. One end (negative pole) of field winding of internal grounded alternator is directly grounded (connected with the shell)

b. According to the different rectifier structures, alternator can be divided into:

1. Six tube alternator

2. Eight tube alternator

3. Nine tube alternator

4. Eleven tube alternator

c. According to different structures, the alternator is divided into:

1. Common alternator

2. Brushless alternator

3. Integral alternator

4. Permanent magnet alternator

5. Alternator with pump

Principle and structure of automobile alternator

Automotive alternator is mainly composed of stator, rotor, rectifier, front cover, rear cover, fan blade and so on.

1. The stator is located between the front and rear end covers, which can be divided into stator core and three-phase stator winding. The rotating magnetic field generated in the stator winding makes the stator induce and output three-phase sinusoidal AC electromotive force;

2. The rectifier is mainly used to convert the AC output of the stator to DC; the front cover is used to fix the generator, and the rear end cover is used to support the brush holder and rectifier;

3. The rotor can be divided into rotor core, rotor winding, claw pole, slip ring, shaft, etc

Rotor function: after the power supply is connected, a magnetic field is generated in the rotor winding to make the rotor rotate, and then a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator winding;

4. The fan blades are mainly used for ventilation and heat dissipation of the generator, so as to keep the generator in high efficiency.

Principle of automobile alternator

The working principle of automotive alternator is generally based on the law of electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic force. The general principle of its construction is: the magnetic circuit and circuit of mutual electromagnetic induction are constituted by appropriate magnetic and conductive materials, so as to generate electromagnetic power and achieve the purpose of energy conversion.

After the engine is started and ignited, the speed of the generator is gradually increased. When the output voltage is equal to the battery voltage, the power supply state of the vehicle will change, and the generator will provide energy for the operation of the vehicle, and the indicator light will be off.

The external circuit makes the excitation winding electrified through the brush, and generates a magnetic field in the rotor winding. Under the action of the magnetic field force, the rotor rotates and generates a rotating magnetic field in the stator winding; the magnetic flux changes alternately in the stator winding, and the stator induces and outputs AC electromotive force (based on the principle of electromagnetic induction) under the action of the rotating magnetic field, and the alternating current is transformed into direct current under the action of the rectifier In order to generate electricity normally. Provide energy to other equipment and charge the battery.